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VPN SECURITY ALERT • COMMAND INJECTION

OpenVPN Flaw CVE-2025-10680 Puts Linux/macOS Users at Risk via DNS – Update Now!

By CyberDudeBivash • October 28, 2025 •

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Disclosure: This is a security advisory for IT and security professionals. It contains affiliate links to relevant security solutions and training. Your support helps fund our independent research.

Definitive Guide: Table of Contents

Part 1: The Executive Briefing — The “Trusted but Malicious” Server Threat

A high-severity vulnerability, **CVE-2025-10680**, has been disclosed in development versions of OpenVPN, a cornerstone of secure internet communication. This is not a typical flaw that allows a random attacker on the internet to target you. Instead, it is a far more insidious vulnerability: it allows a **malicious or compromised VPN server** to execute arbitrary commands on the computers of the users connecting to it.

For CISOs, this highlights a critical, often overlooked risk. We spend our time defending against external attackers, but we implicitly trust our core infrastructure, including our VPN providers. This flaw proves that a “trusted-but-malicious” server can be a devastating attack vector. Any user on a POSIX-based system (Linux, macOS, BSD) who was using the affected development versions (2.7_alpha1 through 2.7_beta1) and connected to an untrusted or compromised server was at risk of a full system takeover.

Part 2: Technical Deep Dive — Anatomy of the DNS Command Injection (CVE-2025-10680)

The Attack Surface: The `dns-updown` Script

The vulnerability, as detailed by security researchers, is a classic **OS Command Injection**. It specifically affects clients using the `–dns-updown` script hook. This feature is designed to allow the VPN server to “push” DNS configuration updates to the client. The client, in turn, passes these pushed options as variables to a root-privileged script to apply the new settings.

The Flaw: Improper Input Sanitization

The root cause is a failure of the client to properly sanitize the DNS strings it receives from the server before passing them to the shell script. A malicious server can push a DNS option containing shell metacharacters (like semicolons, backticks, or `$(…)`).

For example, a malicious server could push a DNS domain string like: `example.com; /usr/bin/touch /tmp/pwned`.

The vulnerable client’s `–dns-updown` script would receive this string and, when attempting to process the domain, would also execute the attacker’s injected command (`/usr/bin/touch /tmp/pwned`). Since this script often runs with elevated (root) privileges to modify the system’s DNS settings, the attacker achieves a privileged command injection, leading to a full system takeover.

Part 3: The Defender’s Playbook — A Guide to Patching, Mitigation, and Hardening

1. PATCH IMMEDIATELY (If You Are on a Dev Build)

The OpenVPN project has already released **OpenVPN 2.7_beta2**, which fully remediates this vulnerability by adding proper input sanitation. Any user or administrator running the affected 2.7_alpha1 or 2.7_beta1 versions must upgrade immediately.

**Crucially, the vast majority of users on stable 2.5.x and 2.6.x releases are NOT affected by this vulnerability.**

2. The Critical Defense: Use a Trusted VPN Provider

This attack relies on you connecting to a malicious server. The single most important defense for any user is to **only use a reputable, trusted, and commercial VPN provider**. Do not connect to random, free, or unknown VPN servers, as you are placing your trust in their hands.

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Part 4: The Strategic Takeaway — The Criticality of Zero Trust for Network Infrastructure

For CISOs, this incident is a powerful case study in the flaws of the old “castle-and-moat” security model. A VPN is the digital drawbridge, and we have always assumed it is a trusted path. This vulnerability proves that a compromised component of that trusted path can be used to attack the client. This is a fundamental violation of the trust model.

This is why a **Zero Trust** architecture is the new mandate. Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA) is the modern successor to the VPN. In a ZTNA model, a user is never “on the network.” Access is not granted to a network, but to a specific application, on a per-session basis, after the user’s identity and device posture have been continuously verified. This significantly reduces the attack surface and makes a compromised piece of network infrastructure far less dangerous.

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About the Author

CyberDudeBivash is a cybersecurity strategist with 15+ years in network security, incident response, and Zero Trust architecture, advising CISOs across APAC. [Last Updated: October 28, 2025]

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