WATER WARFARE: 1,000 Systems Dark in the Romanian Waters Ransomware Blitz

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Incident Report · 2025 · ICS/SCADA · Ransomware · Nation-State

WATER WARFARE: 1,000 Systems Dark in the Romanian Waters Ransomware Blitz. (The SCADA Infiltration Mandate)

A devastating ransomware campaign has crippled the Romanian National Administration of Waters (Apele Române), forcing over 1,000 servers and critical workstations into darkness. This isn’t just data theft; it is a targeted strike against critical infrastructure (ICS/SCADA) that threatens public safety. This is the CyberDudeBivash technical post-mortem and mitigation playbook for utility providers.By CyberDudeBivash · Founder, CyberDudeBivash Pvt LtdThreatWire Deep-Dive · 45-minute read

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TL;DR – Infrastructure Under Siege

  • The Event: Over 1,000 systems belonging to Romanian Waters were encrypted, disrupting critical flood monitoring and water management operations.
  • The Attack Vector: Initial access achieved via unpatched VPN gateways and compromised RDP sessions, followed by rapid lateral movement to Tier 0 assets.
  • The TTPs: Threat actors used Living-off-the-Land (LotL) binaries to disable EDR agents and wipe shadow copies before the final payload execution.
  • The Mandate: Implement strict IT/OT Air-Gapping, mandate FIDO2 for all remote access, and deploy Immutable Backups immediately.

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Table of Contents

  1. 1. Incident Timeline: 1,000 Servers to Zero in 4 Hours
  2. 2. Technical Kill-Chain: VPN Bypasses and Lateral Pivots
  3. 3. SCADA Danger: Why Water Management is the Perfect Target
  4. 4. Living-off-the-Land: How They Killed the Defenses
  5. 5. The CyberDudeBivash Infrastructure Hardening Mandate
  6. Expert FAQ: Romania and Global Utilities

1. Incident Timeline: 1,000 Servers to Zero in 4 Hours

The attack on the Romanian National Administration of Waters (ANAR) represents one of the most significant infrastructure breaches in Eastern Europe in 2025. In a coordinated “Blitz,” attackers successfully bypassed the perimeter and deployed encryption routines across nearly the entire IT estate of the administration.

The Blast Radius: From the central headquarters in Bucharest to regional monitoring stations, over 1,000 systems went dark. This includes servers responsible for flood warning systems, hydro-technical data, and internal payroll. The CyberDudeBivash mandate define this not just as a financial crime, but as Kinetic Cyber Warfare due to the direct impact on citizen safety.

2. Technical Kill-Chain: VPN Bypasses and Lateral Pivots

Initial evidence suggests the entry point was a legacy SSL VPN gateway that had not been patched for critical RCE vulnerabilities.

  • Phase 1: Initial Access (T1133) – Exploitation of unpatched VPN or stolen RDP credentials from a third-party contractor.
  • Phase 2: Credential Dumping (T1003) – Once inside, the threat actors used Mimikatz and LSASS memory dumps to harvest Domain Admin tokens.
  • Phase 3: Lateral Movement (T1021) – Rapid pivot through the internal network using SMB and RDP, targeting the “Nerve Centers” of the water monitoring stations.

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3. SCADA Danger: Why Water Management is the Perfect Target

Attackers increasingly target Operational Technology (OT) environments. In the Romanian case, while the encryption targeted IT systems, the secondary impact was the loss of visibility into the SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems.

If a hydro-electric dam or a flood gate control system cannot “talk” to its central server, the system defaults to manual control or, worse, a fail-safe state that could lead to regional flooding. Utility companies are “Soft Targets” because they often prioritize 100% uptime over disruptive security patching cycles.

4. Living-off-the-Land: How They Killed the Defenses

A key characteristic of this blitz was the use of LotL (Living-off-the-Land) TTPs. Attackers didn’t just upload malware; they used the system’s own tools against it.

  • PowerShell Abuse: Scripts used to disable Microsoft Defender and 3rd party EDR agents.
  • vssadmin.exe: Commands executed to wipe all Volume Shadow Copies, making local recovery impossible.
  • bcdedit: Modification of boot configuration to prevent “Safe Mode” recovery.
The Attackers' Final Command Sequence
vssadmin.exe Delete Shadows /All /Quiet powershell.exe Set-MpPreference -DisableRealtimeMonitoring $true 

5. The CyberDudeBivash Infrastructure Hardening Mandate

If you manage critical infrastructure, you are in the splash zone. CyberDudeBivash Pvt Ltd mandates the following 3-tier defense plan:

  • Tier 1: Identity Isolation – Mandate FIDO2 Hardware Keys from AliExpress or verified vendors for every admin login. Passwords and SMS codes are useless against infrastructure APTs.
  • Tier 2: Network Microsegmentation – Use Alibaba Cloud VPC or hardware SEG to ensure the IT network has ZERO direct path to the SCADA control plane.
  • Tier 3: Immutable Data Protection – Deploy 3-2-1 backups where the “1” is a physically air-gapped, immutable vault that cannot be deleted even with Domain Admin rights.
  • Tier 4: Behavioral EDR – Deploy Kaspersky KICS to detect process-level anomalies in PLC communications.

Expert FAQ: Global Infrastructure Risks

Q: Is this attack limited to Romania?

A: No. This is a global campaign. Utility providers in the US, India, and the EU are seeing a 300% increase in ICS-targeted reconnaissance. The Romanian incident is a “Proof of Concept” for future strikes.

Q: Can standard antivirus stop these attacks?

A: No. Standard AV fails against LotL TTPs. You need Managed Detection and Response (MDR) that hunts for behavioral anomalies, not just file hashes.

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We specialize in the protection of critical national infrastructure. If you represent a utility, government agency, or industrial facility, reach out to CyberDudeBivash Pvt Ltd. We don’t just audit—we build indestructible perimeters.

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